Plastic pollution has become a significant environmental concern in Switzerland. The contamination raises questions about the potential uptake of plastic particles by cultivated plants, such as rapeseed (Brassica napus) and potato (Solanum tuberosum), and the possible implications for public health. While rapeseed is somewhat protected from contaminants through the “seed barrier,” this is not the case in potatoes. Consenquently, rapeseed straw may accumulate plastics but not seeds and, hence, crop rotation with rape seed may sanitize the soils before cropping potatoes. Here we investigate the accumulation of micro- and nanoplastics in rapeseed (Brassica napus) and potato (Solanum tuberosum), with a focus on implications for food safety and soil remediation. Greenhouse experiments are used to expose plants to micro- and nanoplastics, followed by tissue and soil analyses using fluorescence optical microscopy and LC-MS to assess particle presence and distribution. By comparing plant tissues and evaluating rapeseed’s potential as a rotation crop for soil decontamination, the study aims to identify varietal differences and provide strategies for sustainable agricultural management.