Plant growth is controlled by an interplay of internal and external factors. The production of biomass via photosynthesis is dependent on the plant response to environmental variables such as temperature, vapour pressure deficit and light intensity. Short-term responses of plant growth to these variables at fine temporal scales of hours are not well investigated, especially under field conditions. The present study explores the relationship between leaf elongation rate (LER) of young wheat leaves in the field in very high temporal resolution (minutes). Turbulent fluxes of CO2 were measured with the eddy covariance technique and used to derive GPP, and environmental variables such as air and soil temperature, short wave radiation and vapour pressure deficit were simultaneously measured. The analysis revealed the importance of different variables on different temporal scales (hourly, daily). On an hourly scale, GPP and shortwave radiation explain most of the variance of LER, however on a daily scale, air temperature is the main driver. A cross-correlation analysis confirmed that the strongest immediate relationship can be found between LER and GPP and incoming shortwave radiation; variables that are determining photosynthesis. In principal, LER also shows the same diurnal patterns as air temperature and soil temperature, however air and soil temperature lag behind LER. Multivariate growth models show that combinations with GPP or incoming shortwave radiation and air temperature perform best. These results indicate that short term growth processes in young wheat leaves in the field are mainly controlled by incoming shortwave radiation, while the magnitude of growth is controlled by temperature.