Climate change is reshaping the geography of viticulture, threatening traditional wine regions while opening opportunities for new ones. This study applies a climate analogues approach to assess how European vineyards may evolve and/or shift under future climate scenarios. We tailor the method to viticulture by integrating bioclimatic indices related to vine growth and disease risks, correcting for vineyard-scale topography, and accounting for redundancy between the indices. Our analysis supports both adaptation, by identifying present-day locations resembling future vineyard climates, and prospective expansion, by revealing regions with emerging suitability. We find that temperature-related indices related to plant growth drive north–south and elevation shifts, while pathogen-related indices-linked to humidity and precipitation-cause notable east–west displacements. While northern Europe may become thermally suitable for vine-growing by the end of the 21th century, its projected high humidity could intensify disease pressure, potentially limiting its long-term sustainability.