Plastics are widely used in agriculture, but their residues—especially from mulch films—can remain in soils for decades, breaking down into micro- and nanoplastics. These tiny particles may harm soil health and reduce productivity, yet assessing their risks is difficult due to challenges in detecting them and the wide variety of plastic types. This project aims to develop reliable test systems to study how plastics interact with soil organisms. First, it will explore how micro- and nanoplastics are taken up and processed by soil invertebrates like decomposers and predators. Second, it will assess the ecological impact of realistic plastic residues from mulch films, including biodegradable and non-biodegradable ones, on soil invertebrates. The results will help identify risks, guide regulations, and raise public awareness. Since healthy soils are vital for sustainable farming and food security, understanding plastic pollution is key to protecting both agriculture and the environment.